CATALYTIC SYNTHESIS OF A LINE BY ACETYLENE HYDRATION

Аннотация

Acetone is a valuable chemical product. It can be obtained by oxidative dehydrogenation of isopropyl
alcohol, oxidation of propylene, decomposition of acetic acid and ethyl alcohol, oxidation of cymene and others.
Among the known processes for the production of acetone, the most promising is the synthesis by hydration of
acetylene in the presence of catalysts. The advantage of this method is the possibility of carrying out the process in
existing plants for the production of acetic aldehyde. On the other hand, the process of simultaneously producing
acetaldehyde and acetone under the influence of multifunctional catalysts and carrying out the process using flexible
technology is promising. The vapor-phase hydration of acetylene with the formation of acetone on polyfunctional
catalysts was studied. Process parameters are found that provide acetone with high selectivity and acetylene
conversion. At present, acetic aldehyde is mainly obtained by two methods - hydration of acetylene and oxidation of
ethylene. The process of hydration of acetylene to acetic aldehyde in the presence of catalysts has been studied quite
well. Numerous catalysts have been proposed for this process. Among the known catalysts for hydration of acetylene
to acetic aldehyde, the most active was the cadmium calcium phosphate catalyst (CCF), which is recommended for
industrial use. However, cadmium calcium phosphate catalyst is not without drawbacks. The average yield of
acetaldehyde in one pass of acetylene does not exceed 7.0%. The CCF catalyst is very sensitive to temperature
changes, its service life before regeneration does not exceed 72-76 hours